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October 2 in recent years

2022 (Sunday)

2021 (Saturday)

2020 (Friday)

2019 (Wednesday)

2018 (Tuesday)

2017 (Monday)

2016 (Sunday)

2015 (Friday)

2014 (Thursday)

2013 (Wednesday)

October 2 is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 90 days remain until the end of the year.

Events[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor.[1]
939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and other Frankish dukes.[2]
1263 – The Battle of Largs is fought between Norwegians and Scots.[3]
1470 – The Earl of Warwick's rebellion forces King Edward IV of England to flee to the Netherlands,[4] restoring Henry VI to the throne.[5]
1552 – Russo-Kazan Wars: Russian troops enter Kazan.[6]

1601–1900[edit]

1780 – American Revolutionary War: John André, a British Army officer, is hanged as a spy by the Continental Army.[7]
1789 – The United States Bill of Rights is sent to the various States for ratification.[8]
1835 – Texas Revolution: Mexican troops attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.[9]
1864 – American Civil War: Confederates defeat a Union attack on Saltville, Virginia. A massacre of wounded Union prisoners ensues.[10]
1870 – By plebiscite, the citizens of the Papal States accept annexation by the Kingdom of Italy.[11]

1901–present[edit]

1928 – The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, is founded.[12][13]
1937 – Rafael Trujillo orders the execution of Haitians living in the border region of the Dominican Republic.[14]
1942 – World War II: Ocean Liner RMS Queen Mary accidentally rams and sinks HMS Curacoa, killing over 300 crewmen aboard Curacoa.[15]
1944 – World War II: German troops end the Warsaw Uprising.[16]
1958 – Guinea declares its independence from France.[17]
1967 – Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of the United States Supreme Court.[17]
1968 – Mexican President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz orders soldiers to suppress a demonstration of unarmed students, ten days before the start of the 1968 Summer Olympics.[18]
1970 – An aircraft carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators, and supporters crashes in Colorado, killing 31 people.[19]
1971 – South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu is re-elected in a one-man election.[20]
1971 – British European Airways Flight 706 crashes near Aarsele, Belgium, killing 63.[21]
1980 – Michael Myers becomes the first member of either chamber of Congress to be expelled since the Civil War.[22]
1990 – Xiamen Airlines Flight 8301 is hijacked and lands at Guangzhou, where it crashes into two other airliners on the ground, killing 132.[23]
1992 – Military police storm the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil during a prison riot. The resulting massacre leaves 111 prisoners dead.[24]
1996 – Aeroperú Flight 603 crashes into the ocean near Peru, killing all 70 people on board.[25]
1996 – The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.[26]
2002 – The Beltway sniper attacks begin in Washington, D.C., extending over three weeks and killing 10 people.[27]
2004 – The first parkrun, then known as the Bushy Park Time Trial, takes place in Bushy Park, London, UK.[28]
2006 – Five Amish girls are murdered in a shooting at a school in Pennsylvania, United States.[29]
2007 – President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea goes to North Korea for an Inter-Korean summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong-il.[30]
2016 – Ethiopian protests break out during a festival in the Oromia region, killing dozens of people.[31]
2018 – The Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi is assassinated in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, Turkey.[32]
2019 – A privately-owned Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress conducting a living history exhibition flight crashes shortly after takeoff from Windsor Locks, Connecticut, killing seven.[33]

Births[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

1452 – Richard III of England (d. 1485)[34]
1470 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, Daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1498)[35]
1527 – William Drury, English politician (d. 1579)[36]
1538 – Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal and saint (d. 1584)[37]

1601–1900[edit]

1718 – Elizabeth Montagu, English author and critic (d. 1800)[38]
1768 – William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, English general and politician (d. 1854)[39]
1798 – Charles Albert, King of Sardinia (1831–49) (d. 1849)[40]
1800 – Nat Turner, American slave and uprising leader (d. 1831)[41]
1815 – James Agnew, Irish-Australian politician, Premier of Tasmania (d. 1901)[42]
1821 – Alexander P. Stewart, American general (d. 1908)[43]
1828 – Charles Floquet, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1896)[44]
1832 – Edward Burnett Tylor, English anthropologist (d. 1917)[45]
1847 – Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and politician, 2nd President of Germany (d. 1934)[46]
1851 – Ferdinand Foch, French field marshal (d. 1929)[47]
1852 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)[48]
1854 – Patrick Geddes, Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer, and philanthropist (d. 1932)[49]
1866 – Swami Abhedananda, Indian mystic and philosopher (d. 1939)[50]
1869 – Mahatma Gandhi, Indian freedom fighter, activist and philosopher (d. 1948)[17]
1871 – Cordell Hull, American politician, United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)[17]
1871 – Martha Brookes Hutcheson, American landscaper and author (d. 1959)[51]
1873 – Stephen Warfield Gambrill, American lawyer and politician (d. 1924)[52]
1873 – Pelham Warner, English cricketer and manager (d. 1963)[53]
1875 – Pattie Ruffner Jacobs, American suffragist (d. 1935)[54]
1879 – Wallace Stevens, American poet (d. 1955)[55]
1882 – Boris Shaposhnikov, Russian colonel (d. 1945)[56]
1883 – Karl von Terzaghi, Austrian geologist and engineer (d. 1963)[57]
1890 – Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)[17]
1893 – Leroy Shield, American composer and conductor (d. 1962)[58]
1895 – Ruth Cheney Streeter, American colonel (d. 1990)[59]
1900 – Leela Roy Nag, Indian freedom fighter, social reformer and politician (d. 1970)[60]

1901–present[edit]

1902 – Leopold Figl, Austrian politician, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1965)[61]
1904 – Graham Greene, English novelist, playwright, and critic (d. 1991)[17]
1904 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indian and politician, Prime Minister of India (d. 1966)[62]
1905 – Franjo Šeper, Croatian cardinal (d. 1981)[63]
1906 – Thomas Hollway, Australian politician, Premier of Victoria (d. 1971)[64]
1907 – Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician, President of Bolivia (d. 2001)[65]
1907 – Alexander R. Todd, Scottish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)[66]
1909 – Alex Raymond, American cartoonist, creator of Flash Gordon (d. 1956)[67]
1912 – Frank Malina, American engineer and painter (d. 1981)[68]
1914 – Jack Parsons, American chemist, occultist, and engineer (d. 1952)[69]
1914 – Bernarr Rainbow, English organist, conductor, and historian (d. 1998)[70]
1915 – Chuck Williams, American author and businessman, founded Williams Sonoma (d. 2015)[71]
1917 – Christian de Duve, Belgian cytologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)[72]
1917 – Charles Drake, American actor (d. 1994)[73]
1919 – John W. Duarte, English guitarist and composer (d. 2004)[74]
1921 – Edmund Crispin, English writer and composer (d. 1978)[75]
1921 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American pilot and engineer (d. 2006)[76]
1921 – Robert Runcie, English archbishop (d. 2000)[77]
1925 – Wren Blair, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2013)[78]
1926 – Jan Morris, Welsh historian and author (d. 2020)[79]
1928 – George McFarland, American actor (d. 1993)[80]
1928 – Wolfhart Pannenberg, Polish-German theologian and academic (d. 2014)[81][82]
1929 – Peter Bronfman, Canadian businessman (d. 1996)[83]
1929 – Moses Gunn, American actor (d. 1993)[17]
1930 – Dave Barrett, Canadian social worker and politician, 26th Premier of British Columbia (d. 2018)[84]
1932 – Maury Wills, American baseball player and manager (d. 2022)[85]
1933 – John Gurdon, English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[86]
1933 – Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (d. 2015)[87]
1934 – Richard Scott, Baron Scott of Foscote, English lawyer and judge[88]
1934 – Earl Wilson, American baseball player (d. 2005)[89]
1935 – Omar Sívori, Italian-Argentine footballer and manager (d. 2005)[90]
1936 – Dick Barnett, American basketball player[91]
1936 – Connie Dierking, American basketball player (d. 2013)[92]
1937 – Johnnie Cochran, American lawyer (d. 2005)[93]
1938 – Waheed Murad, Pakistani actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1983)[94]
1938 – Rex Reed, American film critic[95]
1939 – Budhi Kunderan, Indian cricketer (d. 2006)[96]
1941 – Diana Hendry, English poet and author[97]
1941 – Ron Meagher, American rock bass player[98]
1942 – Steve Sabol, American director and producer, co-founded NFL Films (d. 2012)[99]
1943 – Anna Ford, English journalist[100]
1943 – Henri Szeps, Australian actor[101]
1944 – Vernor Vinge, American author[102]
1945 – Martin Hellman, American cryptographer and academic[103]
1945 – Don McLean, American singer-songwriter[104]
1946 – Sonthi Boonyaratglin, Thai general and politician[105]
1947 – Ward Churchill, American author and activist[106]
1948 – Trevor Brooking, English footballer and manager[107]
1948 – Avery Brooks, American actor[108]
1948 – Donna Karan, American fashion designer, founded DKNY[109]
1948 – Siim Kallas, Estonian politician, Prime Minister of Estonia[110]
1948 – Persis Khambatta, Indian model and actress, (d. 1998)[111]
1949 – Richard Hell, American singer-songwriter and bass player[112]
1949 – Annie Leibovitz, American photographer[104]
1950 – Mike Rutherford, English guitarist[113]
1951 – Sting, English singer-songwriter and actor[104]
1953 – Vanessa Bell Armstrong, American singer[114]
1955 – Philip Oakey, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer[115]
1956 – Freddie Jackson, American soul singer[116]
1957 – John Cook, American golfer[117]
1957 – Wade Dooley, English rugby player[118]
1960 – Glenn Anderson, Canadian ice hockey player[119]
1960 – Django Bates, English musician and composer[120]
1960 – Joe Sacco, Maltese-American journalist and cartoonist[121]
1960 – Dereck Whittenburg, American basketball player and coach[122]
1962 – Mark Rypien, Canadian-American football player[123]
1963 – Keith Bradshaw, Australian cricketer[124]
1963 — Maria Ressa, Filipino-American journalist[125]
1964 – Dirk Brinkmann, German field hockey player[126]
1965 – Darren Cahill, Australian tennis player[127]
1965 – Tom Moody, Australian cricketer[128]
1967 – Frankie Fredericks, Namibian sprinter[129]
1967 – Thomas Muster, Austrian tennis player[130]
1967 – Gillian Welch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[131]
1968 – Jana Novotná, Czech tennis player and sportscaster (d. 2017)[132]
1968 – Glen Wesley, Canadian ice hockey player[133]
1968 – Kelly Willis, American country music singer-songwriter[134]
1969 – Badly Drawn Boy, English musician[135]
1970 – Eddie Guardado, American baseball player[136]
1970 – Patricia O'Callaghan, Canadian soprano[137]
1970 – Kelly Ripa, American actress and talk show host[104]
1970 – Maribel Verdú, Spanish actress[138]
1971 – Tiffany Darwish, American singer-songwriter[139]
1971 – Jim Root, American guitarist and songwriter[140]
1971 – Chris Savino, American comic book artist, writer, animator and creator of The Loud House[141]
1972 – Aaron McKie, American basketball player[142]
1973 – Melissa Harris-Perry, American journalist, author, and educator[143]
1973 – Scott Schoeneweis, American baseball player[144]
1974 – Bjarke Ingels, Danish architect[145]
1974 – Brian Knight, American baseball player[146]
1974 – Matthew Nicholson, Australian cricketer[147]
1974 – Sam Roberts, Canadian singer-songwriter and musician[148]
1974 – Paul Teutul Jr., American motorcycle designer, co-founded Orange County Choppers[104]
1976 – Mark Chilton, English cricketer[149]
1977 – Didier Défago, Swiss skier[150]
1978 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer, songwriter, actress[151]
1981 – Santi Kolk, Dutch footballer[152]
1981 – Luke Wilkshire, Australian footballer[153]
1982 – Esra Gümüş, Turkish volleyball player[154]
1984 – Marion Bartoli, French tennis player[155]
1985 – Çağlar Birinci, Turkish footballer[156]
1985 – Brandon Jackson, American football player[157]
1987 – Bojana Bobusic, Australian tennis player[158]
1987 – Joe Ingles, Australian basketball player[159]
1987 – Phil Kessel, American ice hockey player[160]
1987 – Joel Reinders, American football player[161]
1987 – Ricky Stenhouse Jr., American race car driver[162]
1988 – Brittany Howard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[163]
1988 – Kirara Asuka, Japanese model and adult video actress[164]
1989 – Aaron Hicks, American baseball player[165]
1989 – George Nash, English rower[166]
1991 – Roberto Firmino, Brazilian footballer[167]
1994 – Joana Eidukonytė, Lithuanian tennis player[168]
1995 – Tepai Moeroa, Cook Islands rugby league player[169]
1996 – Tom Trbojevic, Australian rugby league player[170]

Deaths[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

534 – Athalaric, king of the Ostrogoths in Italy[171]
829 – Michael II, Byzantine emperor[172]
939 – Eberhard of Franconia[2]
939 – Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine[2]
1264 – Pope Urban IV[173]
1559 – Jacquet of Mantua, French-Italian composer (b. 1483)[174]

1601–1900[edit]

1626 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, 1st Count of Gondomar, Spanish academic and diplomat (b. 1567)[175]
1629 – Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)[176]
1629 – Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and theologian (b. 1575)[177]
1674 – George Frederick of Nassau-Siegen, officer in the Dutch Army (b. 1606)[178]
1678 – Wu Sangui, Qing Chinese general (b. 1612)[179]
1708 – Anne Jules de Noailles, French general (b. 1650)[180]
1709 – Ivan Mazepa, Ukrainian diplomat (b. 1639)[181]
1724 – François-Timoléon de Choisy, French historian and author (b. 1644)[182]
1746 – Josiah Burchett, English admiral and politician (b. 1666)[183]
1764 – William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1720)[184]
1780 – John André, English soldier (b. 1750)[7]
1782 – Charles Lee, English-born American general (b. 1732)[185]
1786 – Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, English admiral and politician (b. 1725)[186]
1803 – Samuel Adams, American politician, Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1722)[187]
1804 – Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French engineer (b. 1725)[188]
1850 – Sarah Biffen, English painter (b. 1784)[189]
1853 – François Arago, French mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and politician (b. 1786)[190]

1901–present[edit]

1920 – Max Bruch, German composer and conductor (b. 1838)[191]
1927 – Svante Arrhenius, Swedish physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)[192]
1938 – Alexandru Averescu, Romanian military leader and politician, 24th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1859)[193]
1943 – John Evans, English-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1855)[194]
1953 – John Marin, American painter (b. 1870)[195]
1955 – William R. Orthwein, American swimmer and water polo player (b. 1881)[196]
1968 – Marcel Duchamp, French painter and sculptor (b. 1887)[197]
1971 – Jessie Arms Botke, American painter (b. 1883)[198]
1973 – Paul Hartman, American actor and dancer (b. 1904)[199]
1973 – Paavo Nurmi, Finnish runner (b. 1897)[200]
1974 – Vasily Shukshin, Russian actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)[201]
1975 – K. Kamaraj, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1903)[202]
1981 – Harry Golden, American journalist and author (b. 1902)[203]
1981 – Hazel Scott, Trinidadian-American activist, actress, and musician (b. 1920)[204]
1985 – Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)[205]
1987 – Madeleine Carroll, English actress (b. 1906)[206]
1987 – Peter Medawar, Brazilian-English biologist and zoologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)[207]
1988 – Alec Issigonis, English car designer, designed the Mini (b. 1906)[208]
1988 – Hamengkubuwono IX, Indonesian politician, Vice President of Indonesia (b. 1912)[209]
1991 – Hazen Argue, Canadian politician (b. 1921)[210]
1991 – Demetrios I of Constantinople (b. 1914)[211]
1996 – Robert Bourassa, Canadian lawyer and politician, Premier of Quebec (b. 1933)[212]
1996 – Andrey Lukanov, Bulgarian politician, 40th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1938)[213]
1998 – Gene Autry, American actor, singer, and guitarist (b. 1907)[214]
1999 – Heinz G. Konsalik, German journalist and author (b. 1921)[215]
2000 – David Tonkin, Australian politician, Premier of South Australia (b. 1929)[216]
2001 – Franz Biebl, German composer and academic (b. 1906)[217]
2002 – Heinz von Foerster, Austrian-American physicist and philosopher (b. 1911)[218]
2003 – John Thomas Dunlop, American scholar and politician, United States Secretary of Labor (b. 1914)[219]
2005 – Nipsey Russell, American comedian and actor (b. 1918)[220]
2005 – August Wilson, American author and playwright (b. 1945)[221]
2006 – Helen Chenoweth-Hage, American politician (b. 1938)[222]
2006 – Paul Halmos, Hungarian-American mathematician (b. 1916)[223]
2007 – Tex Coulter, American football player (b. 1924)[224][225]
2007 – George Grizzard, American actor (b. 1928)[226]
2007 – Dan Keating, Irish Republican Army volunteer (b. 1902)[227]
2010 – Kwa Geok Choo, Singaporean lawyer and scholar (b. 1920)[228]
2012 – Nguyễn Chí Thiện, Vietnamese-American poet and activist (b. 1939)[229]
2012 – Charles Roach, Trinidadian-Canadian lawyer and activist (b. 1933)[230]
2012 – J. Philippe Rushton, English-Canadian psychologist, theorist, academic (b. 1943)[231]
2013 – Abraham Nemeth, American mathematician and academic (b. 1918)[232]
2014 – Robert Flower, Australian footballer (b. 1955)[233]
2015 – Brian Friel, Irish author, playwright, and director (b. 1929)[234]
2015 – Coleridge Goode, Jamaican-English bassist and composer (b. 1914)[235]
2015 – Johnny Paton, Scottish footballer and coach (b. 1923)[236]
2016 – Neville Marriner, British conductor (b. 1924)[237]
2017 – Tom Petty, American musician (b. 1950)[238]
2018 – Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi journalist (b. 1958)[239]
2020 – Anne-Marie Hutchinson, British lawyer (b. 1957)[240]
2022 – Sacheen Littlefeather, American actress, model and Native American civil rights activist (b. 1946)[241]

Holidays and observances[edit]

Batik Day (Indonesia)[242]
Christian feast day:
- Denha I of Tikrit (Syriac Orthodox Church)[243]
- Memorial of the Holy Guardian Angels[244]
- Leodegar[245]
- October 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Gandhi's birthday-related observances:
- Gandhi Jayanti (India)[17]
- International Day of Non-Violence[104]
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Guinea from France in 1958[17]
National Grandparents Day (Italy)[246]

References[edit]

^ Skylitzes, John; Wortley, John (7 October 2010). John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057: Translation and Notes. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-139-48915-7.
^ a b c Bachrach, David S.; Bachrach, Bernard S. (29 December 2020). Writing the Military History of Pre-Crusade Europe: Studies in Sources and Source Criticism. Routledge. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-000-30013-0.
^ Forte, Angelo; Oram, Richard D.; Oram, Richard; Pedersen, Frederik (5 May 2005). Viking Empires. Cambridge University Press. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-521-82992-2.
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